NOTES FOR CONTRIBUTORS (updated December 2006)

Please note that Austrian Studies only publishes original work and will under no circumstances accept submissions that have been published elsewhere or are due to be published elsewhere in substantially the same form.

Please note also that Austrian Studies does not accept unsolicited articles outside the framework of the themed volumes. A call for papers is issued annually, some two years in advance of the proposed publication.

Contributors are required to sign a copyright waiver form and permission to reproduce articles published in Austrian Studies will not normally be given until a period of 2 years has elapsed since original publication in Austrian Studies.

All submissions are sent to expert referees and are not finally accepted for publication until a satisfactory report has been obtained from an appropriate expert. The editors cannot therefore guarantee publication of an article submitted until this process has been completed.

1. Articles should not normally be more than 6,500 words long, including footnotes and translations; if much original primary material needs to be quoted longer essays may be submitted, but only by prior arrangement with the editors. It is most helpful to the editors for articles to be submitted electronically (preferably in the form of a Microsoft Word file attachment, but Rich Text Format may also be used). Two paper copies should also be submitted, sent by post to Dr Beniston at University College London.
   
2. If you need to subdivide your article, please do so using only upper-case roman numerals to mark each new section. Please do not use sub-headings.
   
3. Austrian Studies is published in the UK by the MHRA. For this reason, British English spellings should be used throughout. However, for verbs ending in -ize / -ise and nouns ending -ization / -isation the preferred spellings are -ize and -ization.
   
   
4. Articles should be submitted following the MHRA Style Book. A revised version (6th edition) has been available online from July 2002 and can be accessed from the MHRA website, which also gives details of how to purchase a printed copy. The main points are summarised below.
   
   
5. Please submit articles in 12-point Times Roman throughout (text, quotations and footnotes). Titles, headings and sub-headings should also be in 12-point, but may be highlighted in bold.
   
   
6. Use footnotes rather than end-notes. Footnotes should normally be used for references only, not for additional material. Please place footnote numbers at the ends of sentences wherever possible, or at the very least at the ends of phrases after commas or semi-colons.
   
   
7. Double-spacing should be used throughout — for text, quotations and footnotes. Text should not be right-justified. Please turn off all automatic hyphenation programs. Do not use so-called hard hyphens to improve word-splits at line endings. Do not use hard page breaks. Only use hard returns at the end of a paragraph, after headings, or in lists and verse where definite line breaks are required.
   
   
8. Indentations should be consistent. Use tabs (for the beginning of a paragraph) or paragraph indent. PLEASE do not use spaces to indent.
   
   
9. Quotations in prose of more than sixty words (and all verse quotations of more than two lines) should be separated from the body of the text by extra space above and below. They should not be enclosed within quotation marks but they should be indented. Shorter quotations should be enclosed within single quotation marks and run on with the main text. Quotations within quotations should be enclosed in double quotation marks. Omissions within quotations should be indicated by square brackets thus: [. . .]; editorial interpolations should also be enclosed in square brackets.
   
   
10. Please translate German quotations, but provide the original as well when it is literary or otherwise of linguistic interest. In this case enclose the translation in square brackets (with no quotation marks) after the original and place the reference or note number after both.
    
    
11. Dates should be in the following forms: 54 B.C.; A.D. 253; 1953; the 1920s; the ’20s; the eighteenth century (not ‘the 18th century’); 30 July 1965.
    
    
12. Initials in names should have a space following each full stop. Full stops at the ends of sentences should be followed by one space (not two). En and em dashes should be used according to the MHRA Style Book, and the em dash should be represented by two hyphens. When listing, no comma is needed before the final 'and'.
    
    
13. References should be given as follows (note that details of publishers are not usually required and that subtitles are separated from titles using a full stop rather than a colon):
    

    (work in several volumes) Arthur Schnitzler, Die erzählenden Schriften, 2 vols (Frankfurt, 1961), II, 376-99.
    
    (edition) Arthur Schnitzler, Tagebuch 1909-1912, ed. by Werner Welzig (Vienna, 1981).
    
    (book in a series) Sigrid Mayer, Golem. Die literarische Rezeption eines Stoffes, Utah Studies in Literature and Linguistics 2 (Berne, 1975).
    
    (collection of essays) Freud in Exile: Psychoanalysis and its Vicissitudes, ed. by Edward Timms and Naomi Segal (New Haven and London, 1988).
    
    (article / chapter in book) Paul Raabe, ‘Der junge Max Brod und der Indifferentismus’, in Weltfreunde. Konferenz über die Prager deutsche Literatur, ed. by Eduard Goldstücker (Prague, 1967), pp. 253-69 (p. 264).
    
    (journal article) Pavel Trost, ‘Die Mythen von Prager Deutsch’, Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, 100 (1981), 281-90.
    
    (newspaper article) st. gr. [Stefan Grossmann], ‘Schnitzlers “Weites Land”’, Arbeiter-Zeitung, 16 October 1911, p. 7.
    
    (thesis) Paul Michaels, 'The Theme of Time in the Works of Hugo von Hofmannsthal', PhD thesis (University of York, 1978).
    
    PLEASE DO NOT USE THE ABBREVIATIONS f. and ff. WHEN GIVING PAGE-RANGES. PLEASE GIVE THE PRECISE RANGES, e.g. pp. 29-46 (rather than pp. 29ff.) or pp. 45-46 (rather than pp. 45f.).

14. Second and subsequent references to works already cited in full should be given with the author’s surname, abbreviated title and page number only: Goldstücker, Weltfreunde, p. 288. Author-date systems, the Harvard system and the Chicago system should not be used.
    
    
15. Where possible, brief references to frequently quoted sources (such as primary texts, editions, diaries, etc.) should be incorporated into the main text. Any abbreviations used should be explained in a footnote to the first reference.
    
    
16. Abbreviations such as 'op. cit.' and 'idem' should be avoided altogether; use 'ibid.' only in a footnote or parenthesis immediately after a fuller reference to the same source.
    
    
17. Names of societies, museums, galleries, libraries and other institutions in Germany, Austria, France, etc. (e.g. Deutsches Theatermuseum, Hugo von Hofmannsthal-Gesellschaft) should not be italicized or placed in quotation marks. Leave them as plain text. Italicize any isolated German words used within the English text (e.g. Landtag, Reichstag, Wehrmacht, Staatsdichter, Bildungsroman) but use these sparingly. Also italicize most French and Latin tags (e.g. vis-à-vis, de rigueur, ab ovo, ab initio, per se, mutatis mutandis), but again use these sparingly. Note that some words originally foreign are now judged to have entered the English language: an up-to-date edition of the Oxford English Dictionary will indicate which.
    
    
18. Websites: References to websites should be avoided wherever possible because of the transient nature of most sites. Where such references are essential, please give the author's name (where known), the full URL (including http:// ), a site name and page title (or indicative description in square brackets where names and titles are unclear) and the date accessed.
    
    
19. Headings of reviews: Author’s name; title in full; series (if any); place of publication, publisher and date, in parentheses; number of pages (preliminaries + text); [new line] price (if known; £, $, € before the figure; SwF after; all other currencies stated in full); ISBN number. (Note that the publisher is required for books reviewed, but not for bibliographic references in articles). For example:
    

    Philip Ward, Hofmannsthal and Greek Myth: Expression and Performance, British and Irish Studies in German Language and Literature 24 (Berne: Lang, 2002), 298 pp.
    £29.00, 69.00 SwF, €46.70. ISBN: 3-906766-44-6.